Czasowniki złożone
upon | up on |
| act upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (do [sth] in response) | reagować na coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zareagować na coś dk. + przyim. |
| | Harry acted upon Alice's request. |
| act upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (have an effect on) | oddziaływać na ndk. + przyim. |
| | The drug acts upon the nervous system. |
| acted upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (responded to, followed) | wchodzić w życie, zostawać wprowadzony w czyn zwrot ndk. |
| | | wejść w życie, zostać wprowadzony w czyn zwrot dk. |
| | The suggestions were made, but they were never acted upon. |
bear on [sth],
bear upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | formal (be relevant to) | być istotnym dla zwrot posił. |
build on [sth],
build upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (develop further) | tworzyć na podstawie zwrot ndk. |
| | The beginners' course will give you a good base which you can build on. |
| build [sth] upon [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (base on) | opierać coś na czymś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | oprzeć coś na czymś dk. + przyim. |
| | They built the city upon firm foundations. |
| burst upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (appear) | wyłaniać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | wyłonić się zwr. dk. |
| | Tara Lipinski burst upon the world of gymnastics as a bouncy fifteen-year-old. |
call on [sb],
call upon vtr phrasal insep | (turn to [sb] for help) | zwracać się do kogoś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zwrócić się do kogoś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | When you need help, then who can you call upon if not your friends? |
call on [sb] to do [sth],
call upon [sb] to do [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (request that [sb] do [sth]) | zwracać się do kogoś, żeby zrobił coś zwrot ndk. |
| | | zwrócić się do kogoś, żeby zrobił coś zwrot dk. |
| | The union called on the workers to support a strike. |
chance on [sth],
chance upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (unexpectedly encounter [sb/sth]) | natknąć się na coś zwrot dk. |
| | Walking throught the woods, I chanced upon young rabbits cavorting in the tall grass. |
| concentrate upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | slightly formal (focus your attention on) | koncentrować się na zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | skoncentrować się na zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | The last thing I remember is the hypnotist telling me to concentrate upon the watch. |
depend on [sth],
depend upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (be determined by [sth]) | zależeć od czegoś ndk. + przyim. |
| | Whether the heating will be fixed today depends on the repairman's schedule. |
| | To, czy ogrzewanie będzie dziś naprawione, zależy od harmonogramu fachowca. |
depend on [sth],
depend upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (be assured of) | polegać na czymś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | liczyć na coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | You may depend absolutely upon your solicitor's discretion. |
depend on [sth],
depend upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (trust in [sth]) | polegać na czymś ndk. + przyim. |
| | I depended on her ability to keep a secret. |
depend on [sb],
depend upon [sb] vtr phrasal sep | (be supported financially by) | zależeć od dk. + przyim. |
| | | być zależnym od zwrot posił. |
| | In the 1950s, most women in the US did not do paid work and depended on their husbands. |
depend on [sb],
depend upon [sb] vtr phrasal sep | (rely on [sb]) | polegać na kimś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zależeć od kogoś ndk. + przyim. |
| | She is a proud lady and doesn't like having to depend on her relatives for help. |
fall on [sb/sth],
fall upon [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep | (attack) | rzucić się na kogoś/coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | The two men fell on their victim as he was walking down the street. |
fall on [sth],
fall upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (food: eat eagerly) (przenośny) | rzucić się na coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | The man fell on the crust of bread as though he had not eaten for days. |
fall on [sb],
fall upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (person: greet, embrace) (przenośny) | rzucić się komuś na szyję zwrot dk. |
| | Derek fell upon his brother and they wept with joy at being reunited. |
frown on [sth/sb],
frown upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (disapprove of) (przenośny) | patrzeć na coś krzywo zwrot ndk. |
| | Teachers frown on students being late for class. Management frowns upon employees socializing at the water cooler. |
happen on [sth/sb],
happen upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | dated, literary (find, encounter) | odkrywać ndk. |
| | | odkryć dk. |
| | I happened on an interesting article about Cuba in the newspaper. |
hinge on [sth],
hinge upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (rely, depend on [sth]) | zależeć od dk. + przyim. |
| | The business deal hinges upon securing a loan. |
impress [sth] on [sb],
impress [sth] upon [sb],
impress upon [sb] [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (stress the importance of) | uzmysławiać coś komuś zwrot ndk. |
| | | uzmysłowić coś komuś zwrot dk. |
| | | wpajać coś komuś zwrot ndk. |
| | | wpoić coś komuś zwrot dk. |
| | I must impress upon you all the need for complete secrecy. |
| | Ken tried to impress the importance of hard work on his children. |
look down on [sth],
look down upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (consider inferior) (przenośny) | patrzeć z góry na coś, spoglądać z góry na coś zwrot ndk. + przyim. |
| | These were rich girls who looked down on cheap clothes. |
look on [sb] as [sth],
look upon [sb] as [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (regard, consider: as) | uważać kogoś za coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | I always looked upon him as a brother. |
| look upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | (regard, consider: as) | uważać ndk. |
| | | postrzegać ndk. |
| | I look upon television as a bad influence. |
| look upon [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep | literary (gaze at, take in) | spoglądać na ndk. + przyim. |
| | | spojrzeć na dk. + przyim. |
| | The sculptor looked upon his latest creation with pride. |
| put upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep | informal (impose) | wykorzystywać ndk. |
| | | wykorzystać dk. |
| Uwaga: hyphen used when term is an adj before a noun |
| | The head of the department put upon Roger the responsibility for checking all the figures in the report. |
rely on [sth],
rely upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (depend on) | polegać na czymś ndk. + przyim. |
| | Can you rely on that car? |
| | Czy możesz polegać na tym samochodzie? |
rely on [sb],
rely upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (have trust in) | polegać na kimś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | liczyć na kogoś ndk. + przyim. |
| | Can you rely on her? |
| | Czy możesz na niej polegać? |
rely on [sb],
rely upon [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (be dependent on) | być uzależnionym od kogoś zwrot ndk. |
| | My mother relies on me to go shopping for her. |
| set upon [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (apply yourself to enthusiastically) (przenośny, potoczny) | rzucać się na coś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | (przenośny, potoczny) | rzucić się na coś zwr.dk. + przyim. |
| | Jose set upon his dinner as though he hadn't eaten in a week. |
stumble on [sth],
stumble upon [sth],
stumble across [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative, informal (discover, encounter by chance) | natknąć się na dk. + przyim. |
| | The other night I happened to stumble on an old photo album. |
Formy złożone:
upon | up on |
| advance upon vtr | (invade, move in to attack) | atakować ndk. |
| | | zaatakować dk. |
| | The swarm of killer bees advanced upon the unsuspecting cow that was grazing in the pasture. |
| agree upon [sth] vi + prep | slightly formal (decide mutually) | zgadzać się na coś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zgodzić się na coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | | uzgadniać coś ndk. |
| | | uzgodnić coś dk. |
| | The two men agreed upon a price for the secondhand car. |
| agreed-upon adj | (terms, price: decided, settled) | uzgodniony przym. |
| | | ustalony przym. |
base [sth] on [sth],
base [sth] upon [sth] vtr + prep | often passive (use as evidence) | opierać coś na czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | | oprzeć coś na czymś zwrot dk. |
| Uwaga: "Base on" is more common than "base upon." These expressions are often used in the passive voice--e.g., "My opinion is based on facts, not rumor." |
| | She based her conclusion on close examination of the evidence. |
| | Oparła swoje wnioski na dokładnej analizie dowodów. |
base [sth] on [sth],
base [sth] upon [sth] vtr + prep | (adapt from) | opierać coś na czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | | oprzeć coś na czymś zwrot dk. |
| Uwaga: "Base on" is more common than "base upon." These expressions are often used in the passive voice--e.g., "The movie is based on a true story." |
| | They will base the film on a short story written by Mark Twain. |
| | Film będzie oparty na opowiadaniu autorstwa Marka Twaina. |
be based on [sth],
be based upon [sth] v expr | (be adapted from [sth]) | być opartym na czymś zwrot posił. |
| | Many movies are based on true stories. The play is based on the novel of the same name. |
based on [sth],
based upon [sth] expr | (founded on) | oparty na czymś przym. + przyim. |
| | Some countries have laws based upon state religions. |
based on [sth],
based upon [sth] expr | (adapted from [sth]) | oparty na czymś przym. + przyim. |
| | Based on a true story. |
batten on [sth],
batten upon [sth] vi + prep | rare (grow fat on) | tuczyć się zwr. ndk. |
| | | utuczyć się zwr. dk. |
| | The sheep are battening well on the rich grass in the meadow. |
| | Owce dobrze się tuczyły, jedząc pożywną trawę na łące. |
batten on [sth],
batten upon [sth] vi + prep | (feed greedily on) (potoczny) | pochłaniać coś, pożerać coś ndk. |
| | (potoczny) | pochłonąć coś, pożreć coś dk. |
| | The revellers sat down at the table and battened upon the food. |
batten on [sb],
batten upon [sb] vtr | figurative (prosper at [sb]'s expense) | żyć czyimś kosztem ndk. + m |
| | | żerować na kimś ndk. + przyim. |
| bear upon [sth] vi + prep | formal (be relevant) | mieć wpływ na coś zwrot posił. |
| | How will these new findings bear upon our approach to educating children? |
bestow [sth] on [sb],
bestow [sth] upon [sb] vtr + prep | formal (present, give [sb]: an award, gift) | przyznawać coś komuś ndk. |
| | | przyznać coś komuś dk. |
| | The head of the Board of Education bestowed the Outstanding Teacher of the Year award on Mrs. Hall. |
| | The king bestowed knighthoods on his most loyal subjects. |
| build upon vtr | (be based on, develop from) | budować na ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zbudować na dk. + przyim. |
| | The new head coach said he would build upon the team's existing strengths. |
| burst upon vtr | (leap into or onto) | wskakiwać na ndk. + przyim. |
| | | wskoczyć na dk. + przyim. |
| come upon vtr | (find by chance, encounter) | natknąć się na zwrot ndk. |
| | The kids were thrilled to come upon a small gingerbread house in the woods. |
comment,
comment on [sth],
comment upon [sth] vi + prep | (make remarks) | komentować ndk. |
| | | skomentować dk. |
| | The President refused to comment on his secretary's accusations. |
| | ⓘTo zdanie nie jest tłumaczeniem zdania angielskiego. Naukowiec nie chciał komentować najnowszych odkryć swojego zespołu. |
confer,
confer (on,
upon) vtr | (give [sth]) | nadawać ndk. |
| | | nadać dk. |
contingent on [sth],
contingent upon [sth] adj + prep | (dependent on) | zależny od czegoś, uzależniony od czegoś przym. + przyim. |
| | My offer to buy the house is contingent upon obtaining a mortgage. |
| count upon vtr | (depend on, rely on) | liczyć na ndk. + przyim. |
| | I should like to thank you for your help, and assure you that you may count upon my support at any time. |
dawn on [sb],
dawn upon [sb] v expr | figurative (become apparent) (przenośny) | ukazać się komuś, objawić się komuś zwr. dk. |
| | All of a sudden, the enormity of what I had done dawned on me. |
depend on doing [sth],
depend upon doing [sth] v expr | (necessitate doing) | zależeć od dk. + przyim. |
| | Getting a driving licence depends upon passing the written and practical examinations. |
depend on [sb] to do [sth],
depend upon [sb] to do [sth] v expr | (rely on [sb] doing [sth]) | polegać na kimś, że coś zrobi zwrot ndk. |
| | | liczyć, że ktoś coś zrobi zwrot ndk. |
| | I depend on Barbara to drive me to the hospital each week. |
| draw upon vtr | (source, resource: make use of) | korzystać z ndk. + przyim. |
| | | skorzystać z dk. + przyim. |
| | To pass the final exam, the students must draw upon everything they have learned in the course. |
dwell on [sth/sb],
dwell upon vi + prep | (be preoccupied with) | ciągle myśleć o czymś/kimś zwrot ndk. |
| | | przejmować się czymś/kimś zwr. ndk. |
| | Try not to dwell on your failures. |
dwell on [sth],
dwell upon vi + prep | (speak extensively about) | rozwodzić się zwr. ndk. |
| | In her lecture, the professor dwelt a great deal on the similar themes in the two texts. |
| | W swoim wykładzie profesor długo rozwodził się nad podobnymi wątkami w obu tekstach. |
embark on [sth],
embark upon [sth] vi + prep | (journey: start) | wyruszać na coś, wyruszać w coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | wyruszyć na coś, wyruszyć w coś dk. + przyim. |
| | What should you take before you embark on a three-day hike? |
embark on [sth],
embark upon [sth] vi + prep | (project: start) | rozpoczynać coś ndk. |
| | | rozpocząć coś dk. |
| | We had no idea what the project would involve when we embarked on it. |
| enlarge upon vtr | (go into more detail about) | poszerzać ndk. |
| | | poszerzyć dk. |
fall on [sth],
fall upon [sth] vi + prep | (come to rest on) | padać ndk. |
| | | paść dk. |
| | Her gaze fell upon the letter I was writing. |
fall on [sth],
fall upon [sth] vi + prep | figurative (occur on) | przypadać, wypadać ndk. |
| | | przypaść, wypaść dk. |
| | My birthday falls on a Saturday this year. |
| | Moje urodziny wypadają w tym roku w sobotę. |
fall on [sth/sb],
fall upon [sth/sb] vi + prep | (attack) | rzucać się na coś/kogoś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | rzucić się na coś/kogoś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
fall on [sth],
fall upon [sth] vi + prep | (eat hungrily) | rzucać się na coś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | rzucić się na coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
fall on [sth],
fall upon [sth] vi + prep | (opportunity: grab enthusiastically) (przenośny) | rzucać się na coś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | rzucić się na coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
fall on [sb/sth],
fall upon [sb/sth] vi + prep | (eyes: look at [sth]) | spocząć na kimś/czymś dk. + przyim. |
| | The teacher's eyes scanned the room and fell on Joshua's nervous face. |
| fire upon [sth] vi + prep | (with weapon: shoot) | strzelać do ndk. + przyim. |
| | | strzelić do dk. + przyim. |
| | As soon as I give the order, fire upon the battleship. |
| gain upon vtr | (catch up with) | doganiać ndk. |
| | | dogonić dk. |
| hang upon vtr | (attend very closely to) | koncentrować się na |
| | | skoncentrować się na |
| | Now that was interesting! I hung upon his every word. |
| hang upon vtr | (depend on) | zależeć od ndk. + przyim. |
| | Success or failure hangs upon this one small detail. |
hard on [sth],
hard upon [sth] adv + prep | (near, coming up to) | zaraz po czymś przys. + przyim. |
| | | wkrótce po czymś przys. + przyim. |
| | It was hard upon nightfall when they arrived. |
| have mercy upon [sb] v expr | (take pity on) | mieć litość nad zwrot ndk. |
| | God is willing to have mercy upon sinners. |
impinge on [sth],
impinge upon [sth] vi + prep | (encroach: on [sb]'s rights) | naruszać coś ndk. |
| | | naruszyć coś dk. |
| | Their demands impinge on local farmers' rights. |
impinge on [sth],
impinge upon [sth] vi + prep | (have impact: on [sth]) | wpływać na coś, rzutować na coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | Pressure from work is impinging on his personal life. |
| impose upon [sb] vi + prep | slightly formal (force yourself on [sb]) | narzucać ndk. |
| | | narzucić dk. |
| impose upon [sb] vi + prep | slightly formal (inconvenience [sb]) | narzucać się zwr. ndk. |
impose yourself on [sb],
impose yourself upon [sb] v expr | (force yourself on [sb]) (przenośny) | narzucać się komuś zwr. ndk. |
| improve upon vtr | (do better than, make better) | polepszać, ulepszać ndk. |
| | | polepszyć, ulepszyć dk. |
| | The unions have given the company three days to improve upon their offer before calling for all-out strikes. |
incumbent on [sb],
incumbent upon [sb] adj + prep | (obligatory for [sb]) (obowiązek) | spoczywać na kimś zwrot ndk. |
| | | być czyimś obowiązkiem zwrot ndk. |
| | The duty of managing finances is incumbent on the organization's treasurer. |
incumbent on [sb] to do [sth],
incumbent upon [sb] to do [sth] expr | (obligatory for [sb]) | być czyimś obowiązkiem zwrot ndk. |
| | It is incumbent on the bride's father to make a speech at the wedding. |
incumbent on [sth],
incumbent upon [sth] adj + prep | archaic (resting on) | spoczywać na czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | | spocząć na czymś zwrot dk. |
| | The man was incumbent on his bed. |
insist on doing [sth],
insist upon doing [sth] v expr | (be determined) | upierać się przy czymś zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | Despite my complaints, he insisted on doing things his way. |
lean on [sth],
lean upon [sth] vi + prep | (rest your weight on) | opierać się o coś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | oprzeć się o coś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | Don't lean on the railing of this balcony - it isn't secure! If you will lean on my shoulder as we walk, it will take some of the weight off your sore ankle. |
| once upon a time adv | (start of a fairy tale) | pewnego razu przym. + m |
| | Once upon a time, in a land far away, there lived an orphan girl with her wicked stepmother. |
pattern [sth] on [sth],
pattern [sth] after [sth],
pattern [sth] upon [sth]⇒ vtr | (model, base: on [sth]) | wzorować coś na czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | This design is patterned after the latest Paris fashions. |
| | Ten krój jest wzorowany na ostatniej paryskiej modzie. |
| play upon vtr | (exploit, take advantage of) | wykorzystywać ndk. |
| | | wykorzystać dk. |
presume on [sth],
presume upon [sth] vi + prep | formal (rely) | liczyć na coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | I wouldn't presume on his honesty, if I were you; he won't confess unless he has to. |
prevail on [sb] to do [sth],
prevail upon v expr | (persuade: [sb] to do [sth]) | przekonywać kogoś do czegoś zwrot ndk. |
| | | przekonać kogoś do czegoś zwrot dk. |
| | He prevailed on the jury to hear of his innocence, but they labelled him guilty anyway. |
prey on [sb],
prey upon [sb] vi + prep | figurative (person: victimize) | dręczyć ndk. |
| | | wykorzystywać ndk. |
| | Bullies prey on the weak. |
prey on [sth],
prey upon [sth] vi + prep | figurative (worry, preoccupy) | dręczyć ndk. |
| | | martwić ndk. |
| | The thought of my upcoming appointment preyed on my mind. |
pronounce on [sth],
pronounce upon [sth] vi + prep | (make a statement) | wypowiadać się na jakiś temat zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | | wypowiedzieć się na jakiś temat zwrot zwr. dk. |
| | The critics have already pronounced on this book and they didn't like it. |
put upon,
put-upon adj | informal (burdened) | wykorzystywać ndk. |
| | | wykorzystać dk. |
| Uwaga: hyphen used when term is an adj before a noun |
| | The boss asks me to do extra work so often that I really feel put upon. |
reflect on [sth],
reflect upon [sth] vi + prep | (think about, consider) | zastanawiać się nad czymś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | | zastanowić się nad czymś zwr. dk. + przyim. |
| | Please reflect on your actions. |
remark on [sth],
remark upon [sth] vi + prep | (comment upon) | robić uwagi na temat czegoś zwrot ndk. |
| | Lisa's teacher remarked on her rapid progress in maths. |
| rest upon vtr | (depend on, rely on) | polegać na ndk. + przyim. |
| | You need to rethink your argument, as it presently rests upon a very flimsy premise. |
seize on,
seize upon vtr | (adopt or exploit) | chwytać, wykorzystywać ndk. |
| | | schwytać, wykorzystać dk. |
| | A great tennis player will seize upon his opponent's mistakes and use them to his own advantage. |
| set upon vtr | (attack) | atakować ndk. |
| | | zaatakować dk. |
| | Jose set upon his dinner as though he hadn't eaten in a week. |
smile on [sb/sth],
smile upon [sb/sth] vi + prep | (bless with good fortune) (przenośny) | uśmiechać się do kogoś/czegoś zwrot ndk. |
| | | uśmiechnąć się do kogoś/czegoś zwrot dk. |
| | God smiled upon us and gave us a good crop this year. |