Czasowniki złożone
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| hold [sth] against [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (resent [sb] for [sth]) | mieć żal do kogoś o coś zwrot posił. |
| | They still hold my past mistakes against me. |
| hold [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | (restrain, keep under control) | powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać dk. |
| | He held back his anger until the children had gone to bed. |
| | She had had such a bad day, she couldn't hold back the tears any longer. |
| hold [sb] back vtr phrasal sep | figurative (hinder [sb]'s progress) | powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać dk. |
| | She wants to be an actress but a lack of talent is holding her back. |
| hold [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | figurative (not divulge [sth]) | ukrywać ndk. |
| | | ukryć dk. |
| | She said she had told him all about her previous marriage, but he suspected she was holding something back. |
| hold [sth] back vtr phrasal sep | (withhold, not give [sth]) | wstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | wstrzymać dk. |
| | He didn't give me all the money today, he's holding back half of it till the work is finished. |
| hold back vi phrasal | figurative (repress feelings) | skrywać uczucia ndk. + n, l.mn. |
| | She is always holding back, afraid to share her true feelings. |
hold [sth/sb] down,
hold down [sth/sb] vtr phrasal sep | (restrain or repress) | ograniczać coś/kogoś ndk. |
| | | ograniczyć coś/kogoś dk. |
| | I find it hard to hold down my anger when I see someone drop litter. |
hold down [sth],
hold [sth] down vtr phrasal sep | (food: not eject as vomit) | powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać dk. |
| | Though she still felt a little sick, Lisa managed to hold down her lunch. |
| hold fast to [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (firmly, tightly) | być mocno przytwierdzonym do czegoś zwrot posił. |
| | The rope held fast to the boat. |
| hold fast to [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (uphold: principle, idea) | obstawać mocno przy czymś zwrot ndk. |
| | He holds fast to his socialist principles. |
| hold forth vi phrasal | (talk at length) | perorować ndk. |
| | | rozwodzić się nad czymś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| | Prince Charles could hold forth for hours on the subject of architecture. |
| hold off vi phrasal | (bad weather: be delayed) | wstrzymywać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać się zwr. dk. |
| | I hope the rain holds off till we get home. |
| hold [sth/sb] off vtr phrasal sep | (prevent attack) | opierać się komuś zwr. ndk. |
| | | oprzeć się komuś zwr. dk. |
| | The soldiers managed to hold off the attacking forces for three days. |
| hold on vi phrasal | (stay courageous or patient) | wytrwać dk. |
| | I know you are upset, but you must hold on for the sake of the children. |
| hold on vi phrasal | informal (wait, maintain position) | trzymać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | utrzymać się zwr. dk. |
| | Hold on till I get there! |
| hold on vi phrasal | (telephone) | zaczekaj chwilę wykrz. |
| | | proszę chwilę poczekać wykrz. |
| | "Can I talk to Camille?" "Hold on. I'll see if she's here." |
hold onto [sth],
hold on to [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (keep, maintain despite difficulty) | trzymać się zwr. ndk. |
| | In all the years of poverty, she managed to hold onto her dignity. |
| hold out vi phrasal | (last, be sufficient) | wystarczać ndk. |
| | | wystarczyć dk. |
| | I don't think the cattle feed is going to hold out until Christmas, we must order more. |
| hold out vi phrasal | (continue to resist) | opierać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | oprzeć się zwr. dk. |
| | Keep asking her for a date, she can't hold out much longer. |
| hold out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (continue to resist) | opierać się czemuś/komuś zwr. ndk. |
| | | oprzeć się czemuś/komuś zwr. dk. |
| | The remote mountain village held out against the foreign armies. |
| | I'm holding out against joining Facebook. |
| hold out on [sb] vi phrasal + prep | (refuse to give [sth] to [sb]) | wstrzymywać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | wstrzymać się zwr. dk. |
| | I need Jason's help but he is holding out on me. |
| hold out for [sth] vi phrasal + prep | informal (wait) | wyczekiwać na coś ndk. + przyim. |
| | James did not accept the job straight away because he was holding out for a better offer. |
| hold [sth] over vtr phrasal sep | informal (postpone) (na później) | przekładać ndk. |
| | | przełożyć dk. |
| hold [sb] to [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (expect [sb] to honour [sth]) | trzymać kogoś za słowo zwrot ndk. |
| | He said he would come and see me and I'll hold him to that. |
| | You made a promise and we will hold you to your word. |
| hold together vi phrasal | (not fall apart) | trzymać się ndk. + zaim. |
| | Incorporate the liquid into the dry ingredients until they hold together. |
| hold together vi phrasal | figurative (stay unified) | trzymać się razem zwrot ndk. |
| | The team managed to hold together for the win. |
| hold [sth] up vtr phrasal sep | informal (delay) | wstrzymywać coś, opóźniać coś ndk. |
| | | wstrzymać coś, opóźnić coś dk. |
| hold [sth/sb] up vtr phrasal sep | (rob at gunpoint) | napadać na coś/kogoś ndk. + przyim. |
| | | napaść na coś/kogoś dk. + przyim. |
Formy złożone:
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| catch hold of vtr | (grasp, grab) | chwytać się ndk. |
| | | chwycić się dk. |
| | Mr. Jones caught hold of Mark by the collar and dragged him off to see the headmaster. |
| Don't hold your breath interj | informal ([sth] is unlikely to happen soon) (przenośny) | nie czekaj z zapartym tchem zwrot ndk. |
| | Neil promised that he would have everything ready; don't hold your breath, though! |
| firm hold n | (secure grasp) | mocny uchwyt przym. + m |
| | The army chief had a firm hold on power in the region. |
| get a hold of vtr | informal (grasp) | chwytać ndk. |
| | | chwycić dk. |
| | Get a firm hold of the load and make sure it is not too heavy before you lift. |
| get hold of vtr | informal (obtain) | otrzymywać ndk. |
| | | otrzymać dk. |
| | Can you tell me where I can get hold of a watch like yours? |
| get hold of vtr | figurative (reach, contact) | chwytać ndk. |
| | | schwytać dk. |
| | I've been trying to get hold of him all week, but he's always out. |
| get hold of vtr | literal (grasp) | chwytać ndk. |
| | | schwytać dk. |
| | She got hold of his arm and pulled him towards her. |
| grab hold of [sth/sb] v expr | (physically: grasp) | chwytać za ndk. + przyim. |
| | | schwytać za dk. + przyim. |
| | Bella jumped on the back of Jacob's motorcycle and grabbed hold of his body. Grab hold of the rope so that I can pull you up! |
| grab hold of [sth] v expr | figurative (idea, opportunity: seize) | chwytać za ndk. + przyim. |
| | | schwytać za dk. + przyim. |
| | Dean grabbed hold of the opportunity to visit the beach a few times. |
| have a hold on [sth] v expr | (grasp firmly) | chwytać coś ndk. |
| | | chwycić coś dk. |
| | Sally had a hold on the horse's reins. |
| have a hold on [sth] v expr | (account: be blocked) | być zablokowanym posił. + przym. |
| | Any check I deposit has a hold on it for 7 days. |
| have a hold on [sb] v expr | informal, figurative (exert control) | kontrolować kogoś ndk. |
| | | mieć kogoś pod kontrolą zwrot ndk. |
| | In New Jersey, Democrats have had a hold on the Senate seats for many years. |
have [sth] in store for [sb],
hold [sth] in store for [sb] v expr | (reserve, promise) (przenośny) | nieść ze sobą zwrot ndk. |
| | (przenośny) | przynieść ze sobą zwrot dk. |
| | Let's wait and see what next year has in store for us. |
| hold a candle to vtr | figurative (be worthy of being considered the same thing as) | nie porównuje się do |
| | As a songwriter, George Harrison couldn't hold a candle to Paul McCartney. |
| hold a conversation v expr | (talk, converse, chat) | rozmawiać ndk. |
| | | porozmawiać dk. |
| | The man was too drunk to hold a conversation. |
| hold a grudge v expr | (be resentful) | mieć za złe zwrot ndk. |
| | It was unfair that she was chosen instead of me, but I'm not one to hold a grudge. |
| hold a grudge against [sb] v expr | (resent: [sb]) | mieć komuś coś za złe zwrot ndk. |
| | Peter holds a grudge against his co-worker, who received the promotion that Peter was hoping for. |
| hold a meeting v expr | (meet to discuss [sth] formally) | spotykać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | spotkać się zwr. dk. |
| | The council will hold a meeting to discuss the road repairs. |
hold a press conference,
hold a news conference v expr | (speak to media) | organizować konferencję prasową zwrot ndk. |
| | | zorganizować konferencję prasową zwrot dk. |
| | The senator held a press conference to explain his new proposal. |
| hold [sb] accountable vtr + adj | (consider responsible) | uznawać kogoś za odpowiedzialnego zwrot ndk. |
| | | uznać kogoś za odpowiedzialnego zwrot dk. |
| | | obciążać kogoś winą zwrot ndk. |
| | | obciążyć kogoś winą zwrot dk. |
| | If anything goes wrong, I will hold you accountable. |
| hold [sb] accountable for [sth] v expr | (consider responsible for [sth]) | uznawać kogoś za odpowiedzialnego za coś zwrot ndk. |
| | | uznać kogoś za odpowiedzialnego za coś zwrot dk. |
| | | obciążać kogoś winą za coś zwrot ndk. |
| | | obciążyć kogoś winą za coś zwrot dk. |
| | I cannot hold him accountable for what happened. |
| hold back vtr | (restrain) | powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | powstrzymać dk. |
| | She had had such a bad day, she couldn't hold back the tears any longer. |
| hold [sth] by vtr + adv | (reserve, keep aside) | zatrzymywać ndk. |
| | | zatrzymać dk. |
| | Hold this dress by for me until I get paid on Saturday. |
| hold court v expr | figurative (receive much attention) | brylować ndk. |
| hold dear vtr | (value, cherish) | doceniać ndk. |
| | | docenić dk. |
| | Freedom of speech is a concept which I hold dear. |
| hold down vtr | figurative (keep from losing) | trzymać ndk. |
| | | potrzymać dk. |
| | I've been fired four times. I just can't hold down a job! |
| hold down vtr | literal (restrain) | trzymać, powstrzymywać ndk. |
| | | potrzymać, powstrzymać dk. |
| | Hold his arms down so he'll stop hitting me! |
| hold down a job v expr | (remain in employment) | utrzymywać pracę ndk. + ż |
| | | utrzymać pracę dk. + ż |
| | After years of unemployment, John managed to hold down a job at the post office. I can never seem to hold down a job. |
| holdfast n | ([sth] that holds [sth] in place) | element przytrzymujący m + przym. |
| holdfast n | (botany: fungus part for attaching) | chwytnik m |
| hold hands vtr + npl | (clasp each another's hand) | trzymać się za ręce |
| | My sister and her boyfriend always hold hands when watching a movie. |
| hold in vtr | (restrain, repress) | trzymać w sobie |
| | | zatrzymać w sobie |
| | I can't hold in my feelings any longer! |
| hold [sth] in check v expr | (control, restrain) | kontrolować ndk. |
| | | skontrolować dk. |
| | He had to hold his anger in check when his son wrecked the car. |
| hold [sb/sth] in high regard v expr | (have great respect for) | mieć wielki szacunek dla kogoś/czegoś zwrot ndk. |
| Hold it! interj | informal (wait!) | Czekaj! wykrz. |
| | Hold it! I want to say one more thing before you go. |
| hold it interj | informal (wait, stop) | trzymaj |
| | Wait a minute! Hold it, everybody! |
| hold it against [sb] v expr | informal (bear a grudge) | mieć o to do kogoś urazę zwrot ndk. |
| | She insulted him years ago, and he still holds it against her. |
| hold off vtr | (refrain from, delay: doing [sth]) | wstrzymywać, opóźniać ndk. |
| | | wstrzymać, opóźnić dk. |
| | Please hold off playing the drums until after I've gone! |
| hold on tightly v expr | (grip securely) | chwytać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | uchwycić się zwr. dk. |
| | She held on tightly to the railings as she crossed the footbridge. |
| hold on to vtr | (grasp, clutch) | trzymać się ndk. |
| | If you think you are going to slip, hold on to my arm. |
| hold out vtr | (offer, proffer) | oferować ndk. |
| | | zaoferować dk. |
| | He held out his hand for the dog to sniff it. |
| hold-out n | US, informal (person: refuses offer) | osoba, która odrzuca ofertę wyr. |
| hold out hope (of (doing) [sth] v expr | (stay optimistic) | mieć nadzieję dk. + ż |
| | Police do not hold out much hope of catching the culprits. |
| hold [sb]'s interest v expr | (stay interesting) | podtrzymywać czyjeś zainteresowanie ndk. + n |
| | | podtrzymać czyjeś zainteresowanie dk. + n |
| | Speakers need to select stimulating topics to hold the listeners' interest. |
| hold steady vi + adj | figurative (person: remain firm) | o stabilnej pozycji wyr. |
| | After holding steady for years, she finally gave up and sold the failing business. |
| hold [sth] steady vtr + adj | (thing: secure) | zabezpieczać ndk. |
| | | zabezpieczyć dk. |
| | This chain will hold the post steady against the wind. |
| hold [sth] against [sb] v expr | (hold a grudge) | mieć pretensje zwrot posił. |
| | I won't hold it against you if you don't want to join me. |
| hold sway vtr + n | (have influence) | mieć wpływ dk. + m |
| | The political advisor holds sway over the mind of the President. |
| hold the attention v expr | (be interesting) | skupiać uwagę ndk. + ż |
| | | skupić uwagę dk. + ż |
| | The movie had an entertaining beginning, but it failed to hold the attention of the audience for the entire ninety minutes. |
| hold the phone v expr | (not hang up) | zostać na linii zwrot posił. |
| | The receptionist asked me to hold the phone while she spoke to Dr Simpson. |
| hold [sth] tight vtr + adv | (grasp firmly) | mocno trzymać przys. + ndk. |
| | The woman held her bag tight as she hurried along the dark street. |
| hold [sb] tight vtr + adv | (hug) | mocno ściskać przys. + ndk. |
| | | mocno uściskać przys. + dk. |
| | Tim held his girlfriend tight, before saying goodbye. |
| hold tight vi + adv | figurative (persist, wait) | czekać ndk. |
| | | zaczekać dk. |
| | I'll be back in one moment - hold tight. |
| | Hold tight, I will be there soon. |
| hold tight vi + adv | (brace yourself) | trzymać się zwr. ndk. |
| | "Hold tight," shouted the ride operator as the rollercoaster began to move. |
| hold tight vi + adv | figurative (prepare yourself) (przenośny) | trzymać się zwr. ndk. |
| | Hold tight, the next few months could prove to be a bumpy ride! |
| hold [sth] together vtr + adv | (stick) | scalać, łączyć ndk. |
| | | scalić, połączyć dk. |
| | Car manufacturers are increasingly using glue to hold parts together. |
| hold [sth] together vtr + adv | figurative (maintain unity of) | trzymać się ndk. + zaim. |
| | The military sees itself as the sole force capable of holding the country together. |
hold true,
also UK: hold good vi + adj | (continue to apply, remain true) | sprawdzać się zwr. ndk. |
| | | sprawdzić się zwr. dk. |
| | The old saying "waste not, want not" still holds true today. |
hold up,
hold-up vtr | (support) | podtrzymywać ndk. |
| | | podtrzymać dk. |
| Uwaga: hyphen used when term is a noun |
| | The pillar is holding up the roof. |
hold up,
hold-up vtr | (delay, keep waiting) | opóźniać ndk. |
| | | opóźnić dk. |
hold up,
hold-up vi | (endure, maintain under pressure) | wytrzymywać ndk. |
| | | wytrzymać dk. |
| | How are you holding up with all the work? |
| hold-ups npl | UK (type of stockings) | pończochy samonośne ż, l.mn. + przym. |
| | Hold-ups keep your legs cooler than tights in the summer. |
| hold with (doing) [sth] vi + prep | (agree) | zgadzać się z czymś zwr. ndk. + przyim. |
| Uwaga: used in negatives and where there is doubt |
| | I'm sorry, but I just don't hold with that attitude. |
| hold your position v expr | (stay in place) | zostać na miejscu zwrot dk. |
| | | nie ruszać się z miejsca zwrot zwr. ndk. |
| | Just hold your position till I arrive. |
hold your tongue,
bite your tongue v expr | idiom (keep silent) | ugryźć się w język |
| | You must hold your tongue and not tell your mother-in-law what you really think of her cooking. |
holdout,
hold-out n | US (act of holding out) | wytrzymywanie, przetrzymywanie n |
holdup,
also UK: hold-up n | informal (cause of a delay) | przczyna opóźnienia ż + n |
| | You're two hours late, what was the holdup? |
| keep hold of [sth/sb] v expr | informal (maintain one's grasp on) | trzymać się czegoś/kogoś zwr. ndk. |
| | The child kept hold of his mother's hand as they crossed the road. |
| not hold back v expr | informal (express feelings freely) | swobodnie wyrażać uczucia zwrot ndk. |
| | | swobodnie wyrazić uczucia zwrot dk. |
| not hold back v expr | (not restrain oneself) | nie powstrzymywać się part. + zwr. ndk. |
| | In self-defense, one should not hold back. |
| not hold up vi | (fail to withstand close examination) | nie wytrzymywać part. + ndk. |
| | | nie wytrzymać part. + dk. |
| | When the experts performed their tests on the crude counterfeit money, it did not hold up. |
| not hold up v expr | informal (fail to withstand use) | nie wytrzymywać part. + ndk. |
| | | nie wytrzymać part. + dk. |