Locuciones verbales
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| lash out against [sb] vi phrasal + prep | (attack verbally) | tirarse en contra loc verb |
| | (figurado, coloquial) | tirarse a la yugular loc verb |
| | She bottles up her anger towards her mother and then lashes out against her husband for no reason. |
| | Reprime la rabia hacia su madre y luego se tira en contra de su marido. |
| | | descargarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | Reprime la rabia hacia su madre y luego se descarga contra su marido. |
| | | despotricar contra v prnl + prep |
| march against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | (demonstrate, protest about) | manifestarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | The protesters went to Washington to march against increased taxes. |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. Los trabajadores se manifestaron contra la nueva ley. |
| play against [sth/sb] vtr phrasal insep | (have as an opponent) | jugar contra vi + prep |
| | Every time I play against Tom, he beats me in every game. |
| | Cada vez que juego contra Tom me gana. |
| | | enfrentarse⇒ v prnl |
| Note: Ante complemento directo de persona debe usarse la preposición «a». |
| | Cada vez que me enfrento a Tom me gana. |
| provide against [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (guarantee or insure against) | prevenirse de v prnl + prep |
| | | asegurarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | We keep a cellar full of canned food to provide against shortages. |
| | Tenemos el sótano lleno de comida enlatada para prevenirnos de la escasez. |
| rise up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | figurative (revolt, protest) | alzarse contra, levantarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | | sublevarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | The oppressed people will rise up against their autocratic government. |
| | El pueblo oprimido se alzará contra el Gobierno autocrático. |
| run up against [sb/sth] vi phrasal + prep | (face: challenges) | enfrentar⇒, afrontar⇒ vtr |
| Note: Ante complemento directo de persona debe usarse la preposición «a». |
| | The explorers ran up against some serious problems when the weather suddenly worsened. |
| | Los exploradores enfrentaron varios problemas cuando el clima empeoró de repente. |
| set [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal sep | (cause to oppose [sb] or [sth]) | poner en contra de loc verb |
| | Please don't set him against me by spreading rumors that I talk about him behind his back. |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. Acabará por ponerse en contra de Mayim si esa bruja sigue esparciendo calumnias. |
| set [sth] against [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (contrast with) | comparar con vtr + prep |
| | This amount of money looks very small if you set it against what we spend each year on marketing. |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. Se veía bastante más viejo comparado con sus compañeros de curso. |
| | | contraponer con vtr + prep |
| | Contrapuesta con el dinero que gastamos anualmente en marketing esta cantidad es insignificante. |
| | | contrastar con vtr + prep |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. El beneficio económico es bastante pobre contrastado con lo que tuvimos que invertir. |
set [sth] against [sth],
set [sth] off against [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (offset: cost, damages) | compensar⇒ vtr |
| speak out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (state one's opposition to) | denunciar⇒ vtr |
| | | manifestar su oposición a loc verb |
| | Many people speak out against domestic violence. |
| | Mucha gente denuncia la violencia doméstica. |
| stand against [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (resist, oppose) | oponerse a v prnl + prep |
| | | resistirse a v prnl + prep |
| stand out against [sth/sb] vi phrasal + prep | (oppose publicly) | oponerse públicamente a loc verb |
| | It is important to stand out against injustice wherever we encounter it. |
| stand up against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (oppose actively) | luchar contra vi + prep |
| | | alzarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | We must stand up against racism. |
| | Debemos luchar contra el racismo. |
| stand up against [sth] vtr phrasal insep | (withstand: wear, stress) | resistir⇒ vtr |
| | Concrete construction is used in the tropics because it will stand up against hurricanes and insects. |
| | Las construcciones de hormigón se usan en el trópico porque resisten mejor los huracanes y los insectos. |
| struggle against [sb/sth] vtr phrasal insep | (try to combat) | luchar contra vi + prep |
triumph over,
triumph over [sb],
triumph against,
triumph against [sb] vtr phrasal insep | (defeat, vanquish) | vencer a vtr + prep |
| | In 1066 the Norman invaders triumphed over the Anglo-Saxon defenders of England. |
| | En 1066, los invasores normandos vencieron a los defensores anglosajones de Inglaterra. |
| | | derrotar a vtr + prep |
| | En 1066, los invasores normandos derrotaron a los defensores anglosajones de Inglaterra. |
| | | triunfar sobre vi + prep |
| | En 1066, los invasores normandos triunfaron sobre los defensores anglosajones de Inglaterra. |
triumph over,
triumph over [sth],
triumph against,
triumph against [sth] vtr phrasal insep | figurative (overcome: difficulty) | sobreponerse a v prnl + prep |
| | We'll triumph over these hard times as long as we don't give up. |
| | Nos sobrepondremos a estos tiempos difíciles mientras no nos rindamos. |
| | | superar⇒ vtr |
| | Superaremos estos tiempos difíciles mientras no nos rindamos. |
| ward against [sth] vtr phrasal sep | (defend against) | protegerse contra v prnl + prep |
| | | defenderse de v prnl + prep |
| | The magician muttered incantations to ward against evil spirits. |
| | El mago murmuró encantos para protegerse contra los demonios. |
Compound Forms:
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labor against [sth] (US),
labour against [sth] (UK) vi + prep | (work to prevent) (prevenir o parar) | luchar contra vi + prep |
| | We must continue to labor against this discrimination. |
| | Debemos seguir luchando contra la discriminación. |
| lean [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (prop: [sth] up on [sth]) | apoyar⇒ vtr |
| | The thief leaned his ladder against the wall of the house. |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. Apoyó la escalera contra el muro y trepó hasta la ventana. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (for support) | sostenerse contra, sostenerse en v prnl + prep |
| | | apoyarse contra, apoyarse en v prnl + prep |
| | | sujetarse contra, sujetarse con v prnl + prep |
| | He felt dizzy and had to lean against the wall for support. |
| | Se sentía mareado y tuvo que sostenerse contra la pared. |
| lean against [sth] vi + prep | (be propped against [sth]) | apoyado participio |
| | The board is leaning against the wall. |
| | El tablero está apoyado contra el muro. |
| measure [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | figurative (compare) | comparar con vtr + prep |
| | The new president's success would always be measured against his predecessor's. |
| | El éxito del nuevo presidente siempre se comparará con el de su predecesor. |
| measure against [sth] vi + prep | (compare) | dar la talla loc verb |
| | | medirse⇒ v prnl |
| | He tested his skill to see how he measures against the competition. |
| | Puso a prueba sus habilidades para ver si le daba la talla para la competencia. |
| militate against [sth] vi + prep | (prevent) | ir en contra de loc verb |
| | | militar en contra de loc verb |
| | | dificultar⇒ vtr |
| | | tener un efecto negativo sobre loc verb |
| nestle against [sb/sth] vi + prep | (get cosy) | acurrucarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | The baby bird nestled against his mother. |
| | El pajarito se acurrucó contra su madre. |
| nestle [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (body part: press closely) | arrimar algo a loc verb |
| | | acurrucar algo en loc verb |
| | | apoyar algo en loc verb |
| | (con suavidad) | apretar algo contra loc verb |
| | Ben nestled his chin against his girlfriend's shoulder. |
| | Ben arrimó el mentón al hombro de su novia. |
| nuzzle⇒ vtr | (snuggle up) | acurrucarse⇒ v prnl |
| | The little boy nuzzled against his mother's neck. |
| offend against [sth] vi + prep | (violate values, principles) | atentar contra vi + prep |
| | The government's actions offend against all the principles of decency. |
| offset [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (counterbalance [sth] with [sth]) | compensar algo con loc verb |
| | You can offset any loss you make in a year against your profits. |
| | Puedes compensar cualquier pérdida en un año con tus ganancias. |
| opt against doing [sth] v expr | (decide not to do) | decidir no hacer algo loc verb |
| | | optar por no hacer algo loc verb |
| | | decidir contra hacer algo loc verb |
| over against prep | (in contrast with) | frente a loc prep |
| | | contra prep |
| pit [sb/sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (set to compete or fight) | enfrentar⇒ vtr |
| | This match pits the titleholder against a complete unknown. |
| | La pelea enfrenta al ganador del título contra un completo desconocido. |
| pit your wits against [sb/sth] v expr | (compete using intellect) | competir contra algo usando la cabeza loc verb |
| | | competir contra alguien usando la cabeza loc verb |
| pitted against [sb] adj + prep | (in competition with) | enfrentado con adj + prep |
| | | contrapuesto a adj + prep |
| pitting [sb/sth] against [sb]/ [sth] n | (placing in opposition) | poner a alguien contra alguien loc verb |
| | | poner algo contra algo loc verb |
| play both ends against the middle v expr | figurative (for your own benefit) | apoyar a dos grupos opuestos para sacar beneficio propio loc verb |
| prejudice against [sb/sth] n | (bias: hostility) | prejuicio contra nm + prep |
| | | hostilidad contra nf + prep |
| | We should distinguish between prejudice against people and active discrimination. |
| | Debemos distinguir entre el prejuicio contra las personas y la discriminación. |
| prejudice [sb] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (make hostile to) | predisponer en contra loc verb |
| | | predisponer contra vtr + prep |
| | The influence of the extreme right wing has prejudiced the party's more moderate elements against ethnic minorities. |
| | La influencia del ala más radical del partido ha predispuesto a los elementos más moderados en contra de las minorías étnicas. |
| prejudice [sth] against [sb/sth] vtr + prep | (bias against) | perjudicar contra vtr + prep |
| | | predisponer algo en contra de loc verb |
| | The negative reports have prejudiced public opinion against the actor. |
| | Los informes negativos perjudicaron la opinión pública contra el actor. |
| prejudice [sth] against [sb] vtr + prep | (case: damage, harm) | predisponer contra vtr + prep |
| | Media coverage is thought to have prejudiced the case against him. |
| | Dicen que la cobertura mediática ha predispuesto el caso contra él. |
| prejudice opinion against [sb/sth] v expr | (bias against) | prejuicio contra nm + prep |
| press charges against [sb] v expr | (accuse [sb] formally) | presentar cargos contra loc verb + prep |
| | The mining company pressed charges against the strikers. |
| | La compañía minera presentó cargos contra los huelguistas. |
| proceed against [sb] vi + prep | (law: file against [sb]) | procesar a vi |
| | | demandar a vi |
| | The police decided to proceed against Collins under the Larceny Act. |
| proof against [sth] adj + prep | (protected) | protegido de algo loc adj |
| | It seems that nothing on the internet is proof against determined hackers. |
| | Parece que nada en internet está protegido de los ataques de los hackers determinados. |
| prop [sth/sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (lean for support) | sostener⇒ vtr |
| | | apoyar⇒ vtr |
| | | apuntalar⇒ vtr |
| | Ursula propped the spade against the wall while she put the plant into the hole she had just dug. |
| | Úrsula sostuvo la pala contra la pared mientras ponía la planta en el hoyo que había cavado. |
protest,
protest about [sth],
protest against [sth] vi + prep | (complain about) | protestar contra vi + prep |
| | | quejarse de v prnl + prep |
| | The staff protested about having to work on a public holiday. |
| | El personal protestó contra tener que trabajar un feriado. |
| push against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (put up resistance to) | empujar contra vtr + prep |
| | | presionar contra vtr + prep |
| | The crowd pushed against the barrier to try to see what was happening. |
| | La multitud empujaba contra la valla para ver qué había pasado. |
| race against time n | (urgent task) | carrera contra el reloj nf |
| | We're in a race against time: the deadline's close of business today! |
| | Estamos en una carrera contra el reloj, ¡la fecha de entrega es hoy! |
| rage against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (be angry about) | enfurecerse con v prnl + prep |
| | | enojarse con v prnl + prep |
| | The villagers raged against the proposed new housing development. |
| | Los habitantes del pueblo se enfurecieron con la propuesta del nuevo desarrollo de casas. |
| rail against [sth] vi + prep | (criticize [sth] harshly) | despotricar contra vi + prep |
| | | maldecir⇒ vi |
| | The residents railed against the plans for a new high-rise block of flats. |
| | Los vecinos despotricaban contra los planes del nuevo bloque de apartamentos. |
| react against [sth] vi + prep | (respond negatively to [sth]) | reaccionar contra vi + prep |
| | Martha reacted against her parents' strict morals by becoming a rebel. |
| | Marta reaccionó contra la estricta moral de sus padres convirtiéndose en una rebelde. |
redeem [sth] for [sth],
redeem [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (coupon: exchange for) | canjear algo por algo vtr + prep |
| | Roberta redeemed a voucher for a bottle of wine at the supermarket. |
| | Roberta canjeó un cupón por una botella de vino en el supermercado. |
| reinoculate [sb] against [sth]⇒ vtr | (vaccinate again) | revacunar⇒ vtr |
remonstrate about [sth],
remonstrate against [sth] vi + prep | (protest about) | protestar por vtr + prep |
| | | protestar sobre vtr + prep |
| revolt against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (rebel, protest) | rebelarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | | levantarse contra, sublevarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | The students revolted against the school's new dress code. |
| | Los estudiantes se rebelaron contra el nuevo código de vestimenta de la escuela. |
| rise against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (resist, protest against) | levantarse contra, rebelarse contra v prnl + prep |
| | | levantarse contra alguien, rebelarse contra alguien loc verb |
| | The slaves plan to rise against their masters. |
| | ⓘEsta oración no es una traducción de la original. Espartaco y su ejército de esclavos se rebelaron contra el poderío de la República Romana. |
| run against [sb] vi + prep | (oppose in election) (elección) | competir con, contender con vi + prep |
| | | rivalizar con vi + prep |
| | (figurado) | desafiar a vtr + prep |
secure [sth],
secure [sth] against [sth],
secure [sth] from [sth]⇒ vtr | (fasten) | abrochar⇒ vtr |
| | | asegurarse⇒ v prnl |
| | (PR) | amarrar⇒ vtr |
| | Please secure your seatbelts before takeoff. |
| | Por favor abrochen los cinturones antes de despegar. |
set [sth] in [sth],
set [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | often passive (locate, place: story) | ambientar en vtr + prep |
| | | localizar en vtr + prep |
| | | desarrollarse en vtr + prep |
| | Helena set her story against the backdrop of the Second World War. |
| | The novel is set in 19th-century Paris. |
| | Helena ambientó su historia en el trasfondo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. |
| | La novela se desarrolla en el París del siglo XIX. |
set your heart against [sth],
have your heart set against [sth] v expr | (be unalterably opposed to) | estar completamente en contra de loc verb |
| slap against [sth] vi + prep | (hit with slapping noise) | chocar contra vtr + prep |
| | | golpear contra vtr + prep |
| | The waves were slapping against the rocks. |
| | Las olas chocaban contra las rocas. |
slap [sth] on [sth],
slap [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (bring down sharply) | golpear sobre vtr + prep |
| | | tirar sobre vtr + prep |
| | The teacher slapped the book against the desk to get the class's attention. |
| | El profesor golpeó el libro sobre el escritorio para captar la atención de la clase. |
| stack [sth] against [sb] vtr + prep | figurative, often passive (weight [sth] unfairly) | amontonar⇒ vtr |
| | He realised sadly that the odds were stacked against him. |
| | Comprendió con tristeza que sus posibilidades de fracasar se iban amontonando. |
stack the deck against [sb/sth],
stack the cards against [sb/sth] v expr | informal, figurative (put [sb], [sth] at a disadvantage) | jugar con las cartas marcadas contra loc verb + prep |
| strain against [sth] vi + prep | (pull with force) | forcejear contra vi + prep |
| | | tirar de vtr + prep |
| | The animal strained against the rope. |
| | El animal forcejeaba contra la cuerda. |
| | El animal tiraba de la cuerda. |
| strike a blow against [sth/sb] v expr | (deal [sb/sth] a serious setback) | luchar contra vi + prep |
| | | arremeter contra vi + prep |
| stumble against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (bump into because of trip) | dársela contra v prnl + prep |
| | | toparse con v prnl + prep |
| | | tropezarse con v prnl + prep |
| | Ian lost his footing on the loose gravel and stumbled against the wall. |
| | Ian perdió el equilibrio en el camino de grava y se la dio contra la pared. |
take a stand against [sth/sb],
make a stand against [sth/sb] v expr | (maintain opinion against opposition) | oponerse a v prnl + prep |
| | | pronunciarse en contra de v prnl + loc prep |
| | Are you going to take a stand against the government's crackdown on the press? |
| | ¿Va a oponerse al ataque del Gobierno contra los medios? |
| testify against [sb] vi + prep | (give evidence that incriminates) | atestiguar contra vtr + prep |
| | Even though she knew her husband was guilty, she was unwilling to testify against him in the trial. |
| | Aunque sabía que su esposo era culpable, ella no estaba dispuesta a atestiguar contra él en el juicio. |
| | | testificar en contra de loc verb |
| | Aunque sabía que su esposo era culpable, no estaba dispuesta a testificar en contra de él en el juicio. |
trade off [sth] for [sth],
trade off [sth] against [sth] v expr | figurative (sacrifice for [sth]) (figurado) | sacrificar por vtr + prep |
| | | cambiar por vtr + prep |
| | The new speakers look stylish, but I would not trade off the sound for the appearance. |
| | Los nuevos parlantes se ven bien vestidos, pero no sacrificaría el sonido por la apariencia. |
| trespass against [sb/sth] vi + prep | Biblical, formal (sin, transgress) | transgredir⇒ vtr |
| | | infringir⇒ vtr |
| | | violar⇒ vtr |
| | You have trespassed against the rules of the church. |
| | Has transgredido las reglas de la iglesia. |
| turn against [sb] vi + prep | figurative (become hostile to) | ponerse en contra de alguien loc verb |
| | The dog inexplicably turned against his owner and had to be put down. |
| | | volverse en contra de alguien loc verb |
| turn [sb] against [sb] vtr + prep | (prejudice [sb] against [sb]) | poner a alguien en contra de alguien loc verb |
| | The family turned her against me. |
| unite against [sth/sb] vi + prep | (join forces to oppose) | unirse contra v prnl + prep |
| | All people should unite against the injustices of their government. |
| | Todos deberíamos unirnos contra las injusticias. |
| up against prep | (in competition with) | compitiendo con loc prep |
| | | viéndose las caras con loc prep |
| | | enfrentado a loc prep |
| | Tomorrow you'll be up against the toughest team in the league. |
| | Mañana vas a estar compitiendo con el equipo más duro de la liga. |
| up against prep | (difficulty: confronted by) | enfrentado a loc prep |
| | We're up against some serious problems, but I think we can finish the job anyway. |
| | Estamos enfrentando serios problemas, pero creo que podremos terminar el trabajo de todos modos. |
| be up against it v expr | (be having difficulty) | estar en apuros loc verb |
| | | estar en problemas loc verb |
| vaccinate [sb/sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | (inoculate against disease) | vacunar contra vtr + prep |
| | | inmunizar contra vtr + prep |
| | Parents need to vaccinate their children against the measles. |
| vote against [sb/sth] vi + prep | (register one's opposition to) | votar en contra vi + loc prep |
| | I'm so angry at that politician that I will definitely vote against her at the next election. |
| | Estoy tan enojado con la política, que definitivamente votaré en contra de ella en la próxima elección. |
| warn [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (caution) | alertar contra loc verb |
| | | desaconsejar⇒ vtr |
| | He warned his son against that kind of behaviour. |
| | Alertó a su hijo contra ese tipo de comportamiento. |
| warn [sb] against [sth] vtr + prep | (advise of the dangers of: [sth]) | advertir⇒ vtr |
| | | prevenir⇒ vtr |
| Note: Ante complemento directo de persona debe usarse la preposición «a». |
| | I warned him against getting too drunk, but he wouldn't listen. |
| | Le advertí que no bebiese tanto, pero no me hizo caso. |
| | Lo previne contra beber tanto, pero no me hizo caso. |
| weigh [sth] against [sth] vtr + prep | figurative (compare) | sopesar⇒ vtr |
| weigh [sth/sb] up against [sth/sb] v expr | (compare, contrast) | comparar con vtr + prep |
| | | contrastar con vtr + prep |
| | Lucy weighed up the job she had been offered in New York against the one in Paris. |
| | Lucy comparó el trabajo que le habían ofrecido en Nueva York con el que le ofrecieron en París. |
| work against [sb/sth] v expr | (be detrimental to) | patear en contra loc verb |
| | | ser contraproducente loc verb |
| | | perjudicar⇒ vtr |